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Legal and Ethical Issues of
Nursing
NCLEX-PN Multiple Choice Questions |
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1 .
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2 .
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The newly licensed
practical/vocational nurse begins work on a hospital unit where LPNs/LVNs are
allowed to start intravenous fluids. The physician orders intravenous fluids
to be started on one of this nurse's assigned clients. Which of the following
actions would be most necessary on the part of this newly hired and newly
licensed nurse before starting an intravenous on the client? [Hint]
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3 .
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When working as a licensed
vocational nurse, you determine that your client scheduled for surgery does
not understand the physician's earlier explanation of the surgery. The client
is asking many questions about the risks and seems worried. Which of the
following actions would be best on your part? [Hint]
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4 .
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You are the nurse working with an
elderly, competent client who refuses a vitamin B injection ordered by the
physician. The family insists that this injection be given, and you give it
while the client is objecting. Even though the client improves, the client
contacts a lawyer. From your knowledge of nursing and the law, you realize
that you: [Hint]
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5 .
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When an LVN/LPN is working for a
health-care organization that has professional liability insurance, the nurse
needs to base a decision on whether to buy individual professional liability
insurance on which of the following things? [Hint]
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6 .
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When documenting an assigned
client's record during and at the end of the shift, the nurse must keep in
mind which of the following facts? [Hint]
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7 .
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When the licensed
practical/vocational nurse is checking the physician's orders against the
medication record prior to setting up medications, the nurse discovers a
medication error made on the previous shift. The nurse reports this error to
the supervising nurse. Which of the following persons will need to fill out
an incident report? [Hint]
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8 .
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You are a student nurse working as
a part-time or temporary nursing assistant in a nursing home. The nurse on
duty asks you to insert a nasogastric tube in a patient. You have recently
passed an examination on putting in a nasogastric tube. Which of the
following actions is best on your part? [Hint]
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9 .
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According to the nursing code of
ethics, when working as a nurse and a conflict comes up between your client's
needs and what the family and/or the physician wants, and/or the hospital
policies, your first loyalty is to the: [Hint]
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10 .
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Which of the following strategies
can most help you as a nurse to enhance your ethical practice and client
advocacy? [Hint]
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When a nurse is tried under criminal law, the nurse is being
brought to trial by:|
Your
Answer:
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the plaintiff's lawyer.
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Correct
Answer:
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society as a whole.
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Civil charges are brought by
individuals while criminal charges are brought by society as a whole.
2.
The newly licensed practical/vocational nurse begins work on
a hospital unit where LPNs/LVNs are allowed to start intravenous fluids. The
physician orders intravenous fluids to be started on one of this nurse's
assigned clients. Which of the following actions would be most necessary on the
part of this newly hired and newly licensed nurse before starting an
intravenous on the client?|
Your
Answer:
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Take a continuing-education IV
course to make sure you have the skills.
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Correct
Answer:
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Check the hospital policy and
check on any certification required.
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It is best to check the
hospital policy. Many hospitals certify nurses in a number of areas that often
include starting an intravenous and giving intravenous medications.
3.
When working as a licensed vocational nurse, you determine
that your client scheduled for surgery does not understand the physician's
earlier explanation of the surgery. The client is asking many questions about
the risks and seems worried. Which of the following actions would be best on
your part?|
Your
Answer:
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Ask your supervising RN to explain
the surgery procedure and its risks.
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Correct
Answer:
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Notify the physician.
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The physician doing the
surgery is responsible for obtaining informed consent and is best prepared to
explain what he or she will be doing in surgery as well as the risks. If the
nurse finds that the client does not understand the physician's explanation,
the physician must be notified.
4.
You are the nurse working with an elderly, competent client
who refuses a vitamin B injection ordered by the physician. The family insists
that this injection be given, and you give it while the client is objecting.
Even though the client improves, the client contacts a lawyer. From your
knowledge of nursing and the law, you realize that you:|
Your
Answer:
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should have had the family put
their request in writing.
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Correct
Answer:
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have committed an act of battery
against the client.
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Without their consent, the
willful touching of a person or a person's clothes or even something the person
is carrying, which may or may not cause harm, constitutes battery. Giving an
injection when a person refuses it, is battery.
5.
When an LVN/LPN is working for a health-care organization
that has professional liability insurance, the nurse needs to base a decision
on whether to buy individual professional liability insurance on which of the
following things?|
Your
Answer:
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the amount and type of coverage
the health-care organization carries
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Correct
Answer:
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the possibility that the
organization could countersue the nurse in a lawsuit
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Since hospitals have been
known to countersue nurses found to be negligent, the nurse is advised to
provide their own insurance coverage.
6.
When documenting an assigned client's record during and at
the end of the shift, the nurse must keep in mind which of the following facts?|
Your
Answer:
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The proper format, such as SOAP or
PIE, as chosen by the hospital, must be adhered to.
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Correct
Answer:
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The chart is a legal document and
may be all a nurse has to support care that was given if called to court.
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The nurse must keep in mind
that the chart is a legal document and can be used in court as evidence.
Failure to keep proper records can constitute negligence, and insufficient or
inaccurate assessments and documentation can result in injury to the client.
7.
When the licensed practical/vocational nurse is checking the
physician's orders against the medication record prior to setting up medications,
the nurse discovers a medication error made on the previous shift. The nurse
reports this error to the supervising nurse. Which of the following persons
will need to fill out an incident report?|
Your
Answer:
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licensed nurse who committed the
medication error the previous shift
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Correct
Answer:
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licensed practical/vocational
nurse who discovered the error
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The incident report should be
completed by the person who identifies that the incident occurred. It may not
be the same person who made the error.
8.
You are a student nurse working as a part-time or temporary
nursing assistant in a nursing home. The nurse on duty asks you to insert a
nasogastric tube in a patient. You have recently passed an examination on
putting in a nasogastric tube. Which of the following actions is best on your
part?|
Your
Answer:
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Go ahead and insert the
nasogastric tube.
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Correct
Answer:
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Tell the nurse that you cannot
legally insert this tube.
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Legally the student cannot
perform tasks such as a nasogastric tube insertion or injections while employed
as an aide or assistant to the nurses, even though they have received instruction.
9.
According to the nursing code of ethics, when working as a
nurse and a conflict comes up between your client's needs and what the family
and/or the physician wants, and/or the hospital policies, your first loyalty is
to the:|
Your
Answer:
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family.
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Correct
Answer:
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client.
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Your first loyalty is to the
client, according to the nursing code of ethics. It is not easy to determine
which action best serves the client. A good decision is one that is in the
client's best interest and preserves integrity of all involved.
10.
Which of the following strategies can most help you as a
nurse to enhance your ethical practice and client advocacy?|
Your
Answer:
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talking with peers about their
beliefs and values
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Correct
Answer:
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examining and clarifying your own
values
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Nurses can enhance their ethical practice and client advocacy by clarifying
their own values, understanding values of other health-care professionals, and
becoming familiar with the nursing code of ethics.
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