Funda: Chapter 1

Developing Critical Thinking Skills
1. Consider the roles and functions of professional nursing
(see Table 1-2). Interview several nurses in different settings
to see how much value they attach to these roles
and how much time they are able to devote to them.
2. Describe how a nurse would meet the aims of nursing as
described in this chapter (promoting health, preventing
illness, restoring health, and facilitating coping) when
caring for the following patients:
• A single mother who has just delivered her first
child and is scheduled to be discharged 12 hours
after delivery
• An 82-year-old woman who wants to begin an
exercise program
• A 32-year-old man dying of AIDS at home
As you consider these situations, try to identify factors
that either promote or inhibit the fulfilling of these aims.



Practicing for NCLEX
1. Which phrase best describes the science of nursing?
a. The skilled application of knowledge
b. The knowledge base for care
c. Hands-on care, such as giving a bath
d. Respect for each individual patient
2. Which nurse in history is credited with establishing
nursing education?
a. Clara Barton
b. Lillian Wald
c. Lavinia Dock
d. Florence Nightingale

3. What historic event in the 20th century led to an
increased emphasis on nursing and broadened the
role of nurses?
a. Religious reform
b. Crimean War
c. World War II
d. Vietnam War
4. Which of the following phrases describes one of the
purposes of the ANA’s Nursing’s Social Policy
Statement?
a. To describe the nurse as a dependent caregiver
b. To provide standards for nursing educational
programs
c. To regulate nursing research
d. To describe nursing’s values and social
responsibility
5. A school nurse is teaching a class of junior-high
students about the effects of smoking. This educational
program will meet which of the aims of nursing?
a. Promoting health
b. Preventing illness
c. Restoring health
d. Facilitating coping with disability or death
6. Which of the following nursing degrees prepares a
nurse for advanced practice as a clinical specialist or
nurse practitioner?
a. LPN
b. ADN
c. BSN
d. Master’s
7. Which nursing organization was the first international
organization of professional women?
a. ICN
b. ANA
c. NLN
d. NSNA
8. What is the purpose of the ANA’s Scope and Standards
of Practice?
a. To describe the ethical responsibility of nurses
b. To define the activities that are special and unique to
nursing
c. To establish nursing as an independent and freestanding
profession
d. To regulate the practice of nursing
9. What type of authority regulates the practice of nursing?
a. International standards and codes
b. Federal guidelines and regulations
c. State nurse practice acts
d. Institutional policies

10. Who are the largest group of healthcare providers in
the United States?
a. Registered nurses
b. Physicians
c. Physical therapists
d. Social workers


Answers With Rationale
1. b. The science of nursing is the knowledge base for care
that is provided. In contrast, the skilled application of that
knowledge is the art of nursing.
2. d. Florence Nightingale established nursing education.
3. c. During World War II, large numbers of women worked
outside the home. There was an increased emphasis on
education and a knowledge explosion in medicine and
technology, broadening the roles of nurses.
4. d. The Nursing’s Social Policy Statement describes the
values and social responsibility of nursing.
5. b. Educational programs can reduce the risk of illness
by teaching good health habits.
6. d. A master’s degree prepares advanced practice nurses.
7. a. The ICN, founded in 1899, was the first international
organization of professional women.
8. b. The ANA’s Scope and Standards of Practice define
the activities of nurses that are specific and unique to
nursing.
9. c. Nurse practice acts are established in each state to
regulate the practice of nursing.
10. a. Registered nurses are the largest group of healthcare
providers in the United States.